Malayalam Cinema | Kerala | Mallu

Sunday, October 12, 2008

History of Malayalam Cinema


[edit]Early era

List of Malayalam films from 1928 to 1950

The first Malayalam film, titled Vigathakumaran was released in 1928. It was a silent film ,produced and directed by a businessman, J. C. Daniel who had no prior film experience. The second film Marthanda Varma based on a novel by C. V. Raman Pillai, was produced in 1933. But it was released only some days due to some legal disputes.

Balan released in 1938 was the first talkie in Malayalam. Its screenplay and songs were written byMuthukulam Raghavan Pillai and directed by S Nottani. It was produced at Chennai (then Madras) in the neighbouring state of Tamilnadu. Malayalam films continued to be made almost exclusively by Tamil producers till 1947 when the first major film studio, Udaya was established in Kerala.

List of Malayalam films from 1951 to 1960

Malayalam Cinema has always taken its themes from very relevant social issues and has been intervened with the fields of literature, drama and politics from the very beginning. Jeevithanauka(1951) was a musical drama which spoke about the ego clashes in a joint family, the norm of the day. This movie was widely accepted and popular and can be mentioned as the first "Super Hit" seen by Malayalam Cinema. This success of the movie turned out to be sweet and sour at the same time. Although this success accelerated malayalam movie making, films that were produced after Jeevithanouka took up after this "success formula", hampering true creativity for a very long time. This was noted to be the period of giants ( Prem Nazir and Sathyan ) in Malayalam Film Industry. In 1954,Neelakkuyil captured national interest by winning the President's silver medal. Scripted by the well-known Malayalam novelist Uroob and directed by P. Bhaskaran and Ramu Kariat, it is often considered as the first authentic Malayali film. Another notable production was Newspaper Boy (1955) which had elements of Italian neorealism.This film is noteworthy as the hard work of a group of amateur college students and spoke of the story of a printing press employee and his family hit by extreme poverty.Chemmeen (1965), directed by Ramu Kariat and based on a story by Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai went on to become immensely popular and won the national award. It had music by Salil Chowdhury, songs by Manna Dey and editing by Hrishikesh Mukherjee. The first colour film in Malayalam was Kandam Becha Coat.

[edit]1960s

List of Malayalam films from 1961 to 1970


[edit]Malayalam Parallel films of the 1970s

List of Malayalam films from 1971 to 1975

The 70s saw the emergence of a new wave of cinema in Malayalam. The growth of film society movement in Kerala introduced the works of the French and Italian New Wave directors to the discerning Malayali film enthusiasts. Adoor Gopalakrishnan's first film Swayamvaram (1972) brought Malayalam cinema to the International film arena. In 1973 M. T. Vasudevan Nair who was by then recognized as an important author in Malayalam, directed his first film Nirmalyam, which won the President's Gold Medal for the best film. G. Aravindan followed Adoor's lead with his Uttarayanam in 1974.K. P. Kumaran's 'Adhithi' (1974) was another film which was acclaimed by the critics. John AbrahamK. R. MohananK. G. George, and G. S. Panikkar were products of the Pune Film Institute who made significant contributions.

List of Malayalam films from 1976 to 1980

During the late 70s, a good proportion of the youth started seeing Malayalam Cinema as a medium of expression and thought of it as a tool to revitalize the society. A noted Director, Aravindan was famous in Kerala as a cartoonist before he started making films. His important movies include Kanchana Seeta(1977), Thampu (1978), Kummatty (1979), Chidambaram (1985), Oridathu (1986), and Vasthuhara(1990).

[edit]Malayalam Art Cinema of the early 1980s

List of Malayalam films from 1981 to 1985

Adoor Gopalakrishnan made Elipathayam in 1981. This movie was widely acclaimed and won the British Film Institute award. His other movies include Mukhamukham (1984), Anantharam (1987) Mathilukal(1989), Vidheyan (1994), Kathapurushan (1995), and Nizhalkkuthu (2003). Padmarajan made his early works in this period including the movie Koodevide? (1983)

P. A. Backer and Bharathan are other names worth mentioning.

[edit]'Golden Age' of Malayalam cinema

Jayan
Jayan
Mohanlal, Suresh Gopi and Mammootty carved a niche for them in the Malayalam film industry during the Golden Age and they have now become the most sought after actors in the industry
MohanlalSuresh Gopi andMammootty carved a niche for them in the Malayalam film industry during the Golden Age and they have now become the most sought after actors in the industry

Most critics and audiences[who?] consider this period from as the golden age of Malayalam cinema. The Malayalam cinema of this period was characterised by detailed screenplays dealing with everyday life with a lucid narration of plot intermingling with humour and melancholy. This was aided by brilliant cinematography and lighting as in motion pictures like Perumthachan (1990), directed byAjayan with Santosh Sivan as the cinematographer. These films are also remembered for their warm background music by composerslike Johnson, as in the motion picture Namukku parkkan munthiri thoppukal (1986) by Padmarajan.

Many of the movies released during this time narrowed the gap between art cinemas and commercial cinemas in the Malayalam film industry, as in Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha (1989). These were paralleled with movies like Kireedam (1989) directed by Sibi Malayiland written by Lohitadas, Mathilukal directed by Adoor Gopalakrishnan (1989), 'Amaram'(1991) directed by Bharathan,Kaakothikaavile Appoopan Thadikal(1988) directed by Kamal and 'Sargam'(1992) directed by Hariharan.

The period had an abundance of movies rich in creative humour from directors like PriyadarshanSathyan Anthikkad and Kamal. The era also saw well crafted comedy by the Duo Siddique-Lal, (Ramji Rao speaking (1989) and In Harihar Nagar (1990). Other notable contributions of this period include His Highness Abdullah (1990) directed by Sibi MalayilPiravi (1989) by Shaji N. KarunAbhayam(1991) directed by Sivan, and the motion picture Daisy (1988) an expressive depiction of separation and longing set in a Boarding school, directed by Prathap K Pothan.

[edit]Popular Malayalam cinema through early-mid 1990s

List of Malayalam films from 1991 to 1995

Films made during this period continued to stand out for their brilliance in storytelling and appeal. These include 'Bharatham' (1991) by Sibi Malayil, Ulladakkam(1991) directed by KamalKaalapaani (1996) byPriyadarshan, and the award winning 'Manichitrathazhu' (1993) by Fazil. 'Sphadikam' (1995) directed by Bhadran was well received by the viewers as was 'Desadanam' (1997) by Jayaraaj. Some works stood out as strong in evocative power reminiscent of the earlier period, like Swaham (1994) directed by Shaji N.Karun, the first Malayalam film entry into the Cannes International Film Festival.

Jayaram
Jayaram

[edit]Popular Malayalam cinema through early-mid 2000s

The Malayalam film industry in recent times has been affected by the spread of satellite digital television and film piracy. Slapstick comedy is the predominant theme in the films of this era.Meesamadhavan (2002) by Lal Jose and Kunjikkoonan directed by Sasi Shankar (2002) are examples. However notable exceptions to these were Chinthavishtayaya Shyamala by Srinivasan (1998),Vanaprastham (1999) directed by Shaji N Karun,Maduranombarakaatu(2000), Meghamalhar(2001),Perumazhakaalam(2004) and Karuthapakshikal(2006) directed byKamal.Sequels have been made of a number of successful films. These include Ravanaprabhu (Devasuram) and Nerariyan CBI (Oru CBI Diarykurippu). Generally movies at this period were of low quality. Aiding to this crisis a parallel culture of Adult content movies named "Shakeela films" emerged to be the best grosser for more than a year.Malayam cinema has seen a rare dearth of talent . At the same time , Tamil movies had seen a surge of new talent in script writers , directors and actors alike . This resulted in increased popularity of Tamil and Hindi movies in Kerala . Several Film theatres were closed rural Kerala and were converted to Mariiage Halls.

List of Malayalam films from 1996 to 2000
List of Malayalam films from 2001 to 2005


[edit]Popular culture today

Today, it is quite common to see immigrated Indians of Malayalee origin have access to TV networks like AsiaNet, which they frequently watch at home as a pastime. It has almost become a stereotypical sight for second generation Malayalees to see their parents glued to television watching Kerala cinema. This occurrence is sometimes a source of humor and even revilement for conservative religious forces in the Malayalee culture. Additionally, because of the general atrophy of traditional morals and recent trespassing of longstanding cultural mores, many immigrant families now are starting to shy away from cultural cinema.



[edit]Present

[edit]Popular Malayalam cinema through mid-late 2000s

Malayalam movies have seen a real comeback in 2005. New directors such as Lal Jose , Roshan Andrews ,Blessy and Anwar Rasheed brought back original scripts to malayalm movie . Notable Movies of this era are Udayananu Tharam , Note Book , Classmates , Thanmatra , Kazhcha,Palunku, Keerthi Chakra , Raja Manikyam ,Vinoda Yatra , Rasa thanthram ,Arabi Kadha , Kadha Paryumbol,chocolate,cycle amd about 50 percentage of malyalam movies are remade into oter languages This era has seen new promising actors like Prithviraj , Narain , Jayasurya and Meera Jasmin,Bhavana,Roma along with stalwarts Mammooty and Mohanlal.

[edit]Organisations

[edit]AMMA

The major actors and actresses of the Malayalam Cinema has recently formed an organization to safegaurd their interests and to fight against piracy. The Association of Malayalam Movie Artists better know as AMMA ( literal meaning : Mother ) aims to act against piracy, safegaurd the interests of member actors and actresses and act as a common forum to raise concerns and address issues. The organization is generally regarded as successful. The activities of "AMMA" include endowments, insurance schemes, and committees on wages and benefits on revision, fund for research, pensions, education loans for their children etc for the members. The organization has recently entered into Film production to raise funds for its activities.

Sunday, July 13, 2008

Malayalam cinema

Malayalam cinema refers to films made in the Indian state of Kerala in theMalayalam language. It forms a significant component of Indian cinema. Malayalam cinema remains the most popular medium of entertainment of the people of Kerala and is known for its socialistic leanings. Malayalam movies typically portray social or familial issues and as a result are considered more realistic than Bollywood movies.[citation needed]. The first 3D film produced in India was in Malayalam, called My Dear KuttichathanPadayottam, the first fully indigenous 70 mm film with all its work done in India. The first Cinemascope film produced in Malayalam was Thacholi Ambu. These all movies were produced by Navodaya studio that played a significant role in Malayalam film industry. Chemmeen was the first film which earned a gold medal from the President of India and Guru, directed by Rajiv Anchal, is the only Malayalam film proposed as the Indian entry by the Indian Film Industry council for Oscar Award so far.